which of the following is true about algorithms quizlet psychology

d. Psychiatrists. Arrows then branch off from each step to point to possible directions that you may take to solve the problem. In 1956, George Miller reviewed most of the research on the capacity of short-term memory and found that people can retain between 5 and 9 items, so he reported the capacity of short-term memory was the "magic number" 7 plus or minus 2. predict the class of data. In the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, stimuli from the environment are processed first in sensory memory: storage of brief sensory events, such as sights, sounds, and tastes. They are used to evaluate the solutions. predict the behavior of a specific individual? What is the correct order of the human sexual-response pattern? If, however, youve lived your whole life on the island of Saint Vincent in the Caribbean, you may never have actually seen snow, much less tasted, smelled, or touched it. Descriptions: Algorithms can be written to solve every problem. Pessimism Creative Commons Attribution License When you are solving problems for your math homework, you don't want to risk your grade on a guess. a. emotional intelligence. Despite not knowing this person, already you have unknowingly made judgments about them. d. the fact that none of the animals have achieved language development comparable to a 3-year-old human. _____ is the tendency to make judgments about group membership based on physical appearances or the match between a person and one's stereotype of a group rather than on available base rate information. B. are slow. D. the child's IQ is above average. When solving a problem, if a person is hesitant or unable to think beyond solutions that have worked in the past, he or she is stuck in: Returning to the computer metaphor, implicit memories are like a program running in the background, and you are not aware of their influence. Active rehearsal is a way of attending to information to move it from short-term to long-term memory. Participants remembered about 80% of the trigrams after a 3-second delay, but only 10% after a delay of 18 seconds, which caused them to conclude that short-term memory decayed in 18 seconds. A. indulge in fixations. She succeeded in high school by cramming for exams and relying on parental pressure to get homework done. You know snow from the indirect experience of seeing pictures of falling snowor from watching films that feature snow as part of the setting. Recalling the last time you studied for a test is another example of automatic processing. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . d. severe depression. In what order should you run your errands? Some concepts, like tolerance, are agreed upon by many people, because they have been used in various ways over many years. 10. d. "street smarts.". Mathematical formulas, like the equation for area (length width) are artificial concepts defined by specific sets of characteristics that are always the same. b. naturalist intelligence. involves being receptive to other ways of looking at things. However, this would be very time-consuming and treatment needs to be implemented quickly. Sensations and information are received by our brains, filtered through emotions and memories, and processed to become thoughts. The prefrontal cortex continues to mature into early adulthood. Yet, you dont notice most of your brains activity as you move throughout your daily routine. A. Concepts are universal and influence the development of language. b. the heritability of intelligence is about 0.50. Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F) in Business. Processing speed Gardner believes that reason, logic, and knowledge are: a. the same ability. 130 or higher. C. information-processing capacity. D. is the extent to which a test yields a consistent, reproducible measure of performance. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Read the following sentences (Bransford & McCarrell, 1974), then look away and count backwards from 30 by threes to zero, and then try to write down the sentences (no peeking back at this page!). d. language; concepts, The rhythm and emphasis of communicating is part of which language structure? Publish: 15 days ago. For example, if you are studying for your chemistry exam, the material you are learning will be part of your explicit memory. An algorithm is often expressed in the form of a graph, where a square represents each step. Once the information reaches long-term memory, it has to be consolidated at both the synaptic level, which takes a few hours, and into the memory system, which can take weeks or longer. The tendency to search for and use information that supports our ideas rather than refutes them is known as, _____ is the tendency to report falsely, after the fact, that we accurately predicted an outcome. Our mission is to improve educational access and learning for everyone. Content is fact checked after it has been edited and before publication. Marjorie took a personality test in April. Twin studies by Trzaskowski and others in 2014 report that the heritability of intelligence is found to be as high as ________ percent. Peterson and Peterson (1959) investigated short-term memory using the three letter sequences called trigrams (e.g., CLS) that had to be recalled after various time intervals between 3 and 18 seconds. The third form of retrieval is relearning, and its just what it sounds like. A. speed and efficiency For example, what comes to your mind when you think of a dog? [P3] P3 Abstracting 5.2.1A 5.2.1B 5.2.1C 6. What rules of thumb (if any) are you using? When other information is integrated into other memories and can't be distinguished from the original memory. View this video that explains short-term and long-term memory to learn more about how memories are stored and retrieved. People ascribe greater value to things they already own when compared with objects owned by someone else. which of the following is true about algorithms quizlet psychologydr donald blakeslee The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo Then suddenly, "Aha!" You absorb a large quantity of information by listening to and participating in discussions, examining maps, and reading first-hand accounts of peoples lives. c. trial and error method Episodic memory is information about events we have personally experienced (i.e., an episode). d. natural concept. ________ form as the result of people's experiences with concepts in the real world. If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, Do you recall the earlier discussion of semantic networks? People often form general rules and concepts based on specific experiences and examples. Short-term memory (STM) is a temporary storage system that processes incoming sensory memory. In the process, your brain gathers details that inform and refine your understanding of related concepts like democracy, power, and freedom. These stages were first proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin (1968). The self-reference effect is the tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance (Rogers, Kuiper, & Kirker, 1977). Abstract symbols on a keyboard and making some sounds, Piaget theorized that _____ preceded and aided the development of ______. c. mental set. According to Erikson's theory of socioemotional development, the first 18 months of life are devoted to mastering which developmental task? Understanding the difference between explicit memory and implicit memory is important because aging, particular types of brain trauma, and certain disorders can impact explicit and implicit memory in different ways. This way, when you try to remember the phone number of your new prospective friend, you will easily remember the area code. Heritability has no meaning when applied to a single case. Shes surprised at how quickly shes able to pick up the language after not speaking it for 13 years; this is an example of relearning. You decide to do your laundry Thursday night, buy the groceries on Friday, clean the apartment Saturday morning, and cook the dinner Saturday evening. C. 50 then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, Emotional intelligence This is known as automatic processing, or the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words. Creative Commons Attribution License There are two types of long-term memory: explicit and implicit (Figure 8.6). Question 64: Reinforcement learning algorithm tries to (select one that . 90. In order to organize this staggering amount of information, the mind has developed a "file cabinet" of sorts in the mind. By using an algorithm, accuracy is increased and potential mistakes are minimized. a. convergent thinking. This type of reasoning is known as. Creative people engage in c. what a person knows about a particular type of object does Dec 19, 2022 OpenStax. Simply put, cognition is thinking, and it encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory. c. practical You likely thought about staying upright in the beginning, but now you just do it. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs must be met first? Plate was primed by activating the semantic network. (f`quizlet/_5rbip A) Insured the bonds against failure and the insurer paid the claim if the underlying bonds fail B) Insured the bonds against failure and the insurer paid the claim if the underlying bonds make money C) To increase employees D) As an annual practice . Strategies to stimulate divergent thinking. Which of the following is true about overlapping subproblems? involves developing uniform procedures for administering and scoring a test, as well as A. the child's IQ is average. They make fewer mistakes than their less-imaginative counterparts. A prototype is the best example or representation of a concept. This powerful event schema is informed by your pattern of behavior and the pleasurable stimulation that a phone call or text message gives your brain. Next count backwards from 40 by fours, then check yourself to see how well you recalled the sentences this time. Why or why not? B. culturally biased. a. the less likely that person will succeed in an academic setting. Round answer to the nearest cent. "rule of thumb." Short-term memory takes information from sensory memory and sometimes connects that memory to something already in long-term memory. D. 70 or lower. If an instructor was referring to a stream during a lecture, a student's mental image is likely to be: D. Concepts complicate the memory process. Artificial concepts can enhance the understanding of a topic by building on one another. _____ involves the ability to think about something in novel and unusual ways and to devise unconventional solutions to problems. D. Algorithms lead to different answers to a given problem. pseudorandom number generator (PRNG), is an algorithm for creating a sequence of numbers whose properties approximate those of a random number. b. B. refers to the ability to yield a consistent result to what it is intended to measure. The highest and most elusive of Maslow's needs is. C. Selection bias A. simulation heuristic. b. practical reasoning. B. A mechanical problem-solving technique is also referred to as: In the context of loss aversion, identify the true statement about sunk-cost fallacy. B. problem solving. a. A. Concepts provide clues about how to react to a particular object or experience. A role schema makes assumptions about how individuals in certain roles will behave (Callero, 1994). However, more contemporary research has found working memory capacity is 4 plus or minus 1 (Cowan, 2010). J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. This is known as effortful processing (Figure 8.3). A. generalized. Emotion and memory are powerful influences on both our thoughts and behaviors. Post author: Post published: 22/06/2022 Post category: luxury picnic houston Post comments: jacob lowe weight loss pictures jacob lowe weight loss pictures Retrieval, or getting the information out of memory and back into awareness, is the third function. a. attention and spatial memory. 1 item by anonymous. B. concept An algorithm is often expressed in the form of a graph, where a square represents each step. The monkeys were more attached to the artificial mothers that were warm and soft. If your first pet was a Golden Retriever, there is a good chance that this would be your prototype for the category of dogs. Watch this video about superior autobiographical memory from the television news show 60 Minutes to learn more. In which subsystem of long-term memory is your knowledge of how to drive a car and how to ride a bike stored? Psychotherapy (Chic). While often thought of purely as a mathematical term, the same type of process can be followed in psychology to find the correct answer when solving a problem or making a decision. Once you know how to drive, you can encode additional information about this skill automatically. Most individuals develop a clear understanding of their language's structure, as well as a large vocabulary, during. Either way, snow is a natural concept because you can construct an understanding of it through direct observations, experiences with snow, or indirect knowledge (such as from films or books) (Figure 7.3). B. the availability heuristic. Author: Question. Confirmation bias Psychologists would most likely consider Malcom to be b. analytical c. the more likely that person will succeed in an academic setting. At first thought, nothing comes to mind. Implicit memory includes procedural memory and things learned through conditioning. Visual encoding is the encoding of images, and acoustic encoding is the encoding of sounds, words in particular. Whichofthefollowingoptionsistrueaboutalgorithms?a. In psychology, one of these problem-solving approaches is known as an algorithm. (credit: Gideon/Flickr). b. abstract symbols on a keyboard and making some sounds. Heuristics differ from algorithms in that heuristics

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